They then complete four years of medical school to earn a medical doctorate (M.D.), followed by four years of training in the specialty of anesthesiology – one year of internship and three years in an anesthesiology residency program. In addition, they may further specialize in a subspecialty, such as neurosurgical anesthesiology, by completing one to two more years in a subspecialty-training program.

Today’s anesthesiologists are innovators in their field, continuing a long tradition of advancing the practice of modern medicine. Even after residency training, they are dedicated to studying new medical advances and anesthetic techniques so every patient experience can be safer than the next.